School Leadership in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Results of Baseline Survey on High-Leverage Leadership Actions

Despite the enormity of the role of school leaders in education systems, school leadership remains underutilized and under-researched. We set out to understand how leaders are performing on some of the core actions that empirical research suggests are required to improve school quality and student learning. To do this, we surveyed school leaders, teachers, and parents from schools in Kenya, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia that joined one of our partner programs in 2020. We will continue to survey this group of schools over the next five years to track how school leader mindsets and practices change over time. This report aims to summarize our 2020 survey results and their implications for practitioners and policymakers.